An Operator's Guide to Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) in the Activated Sludge Process

An Operator's Guide to Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) in the Activated Sludge Process

ISBN-13/EAN: 9780820604169

Author: Michael Gerardi

Chemical Publishing

Book - Paperback 4"x6" Pocket Pal really fits in your pocket!

Pub Date: April, 2016

160 pages

Biological nutrient removal (BNR), the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, is a complex process. Although the activated sludge process is an efficient technology for the removal of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids (TSS), it provides less-than-optimal conditions for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, and presents numerous challenges to the operator trying to satisfy the many requirements for several different groups of bacteria. In addition to satisfying the requirements there are numerous, highly variable operational conditions that impact BNR. These conditions include: changes in strength and composition of the wastewater, alkalinity and pH, temperature, and presence of inhibitory and toxic wastes. Even fluctuations in flows, especially from inflow and infiltration, can adversely impact the aerobic, anoxic, and anaerobic conditions needed for successful BNR. 

Of the three treatment processes, nitrification, denitrification, and enhanced biological removal, nitrification is often the most difficult to achieve. Therefore, a large portion of this book reviews nitrification. Operators of the activated sludge process need to understand the basic biological, chemical, and physical requirements for BNR in order to improve the performance of these treatment processes. 

An Operator’s Guide to Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) in the Activated Sludge Process is intended to help operators in the monitoring, troubleshooting, and process control of BNR. Numerous tables and figures are included in the book to help the operator understand the biological and chemical reactions that are involved in BNR processes and how the reactions can be monitored for process control.

Design of BNR processes is not addressed in this book. Design is addressed in numerous engineering publications. The book serves to help operators achieve permit compliance for nitrogen and phosphorus discharge limits and obtain cost-effective operation. - 

Contents -

List of Tables -

List of Figures -

PART ONE: NITRIFICATION - 

Chapter 1 Introduction - 

Chapter 2 Nitrogenous and Phosphorous Compounds - 

Chapter 3 Nitrification: The Basics - 

Chapter 4 Nitrifying Bacteria - 

Chapter 5 Nitrification and Limiting Factors - 

Chapter 6 Promoting Nitrification - 

PART TWO: DENITRIFICATION - 

Chapter 7 Denitrification: The Basics - 

Chapter 8 Denitrifying Bacteria - 

Chapter 9 Denitrification and Limiting Factors - 

PART THREE: BIOLOGICAL PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL - 

Chapter 10 Biological Phosphorus Removal: The Basics - 

Chapter 11 EBPR: Process Control - 

Abbreviations and Acronyms - 

Glossary - 

Bibliography - 

Industrial Effluents - Origin, Characteristics, Effects, Analysis & Treatment

Industrial Effluents - Origin, Characteristics,

Effects, Analysis & Treatment

ISBN-13/EAN: 9780820604145

Author: N. Manavasakam

Chemical Publishing

Book - Paperback

Pub Date: March, 2016

592 pages

Industrial Effluents - Origin, Characteristics,

Effects, Analysis & Treatment

Part - I. BASIC INFORMATION - 

Part - II. MAJOR INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS - 

Chapter 1. Basic Information - 

Chapter 2. Summary of Industrial Effluents - 

Effects of Industrial Effluents - 

National & International Agencies - 

Important Reference Books - 

Effects on Surface Waters - 

Effects on Land - 

Effects on Sewers - 

Chapter 3. Pulp, Paper and Board Industries - 

Chapter 4. Textile Processing - 

Chapter 5. Tannery - 

Chapter 6. Cane Sugar Industry - 

Chapter 7. Distillery - 

Chapter 8. Dairy - 

Chapter 9. Steel Plant - 

CottonTextiles - 

SyntheticTextiles - 

VegetableTanning - 

ChromeTanning - 

Brewery - 

Coal Washery - 

Carbonization of Coal (coke manufacture) - 

Iron Production - 

Steel Making - 

Finishing (Rolling & Pickling) - 

Nitrogen Fertilizers - 

Phosphatic Fertilizers - 

Nitrogen-Phosphate Fertilizers - 

NPKFertilizers - 

Chapter 10. Electroplating Industry - 

Chapter 11. Oil Field & Oil Refinery - 

Chapter 12. Petrochemical Industry - 

Chapter 13. Fertilizer Industry - 

Part -III. OTHER INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS - 

AWT, Association of Water Technologies 2016 Technical Training Seminars

Constructive Engineering of Large Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plants

ISBN-13/EAN: 9780820602004

Author: Pedro Maria Gonzalez Olabarria
Chemical Publishing
Book - Paperback
Pub Date: Sept 2015
332 pages

Features 1. REVERSE OSMOSIS BASIC CONCEPTS - 2. FEED WATER TYPE AND ANALYSIS - 3. RAW WATER REQUIREMENTS - 4. SEA WATER INTAKE - 5. SEA WATER DOSING SYSTEMS - 6. REVERSE OSMOSIS PRETREATMENT CONVENTIONAL PRETREATMENT - 7. REVERSE OSMOSIS PRETREATMENT MICROFILTRATION and ULTRAFILTRATION - 8. MATERIALS - 9. REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANES - 10. PRESSURE VESSELS AND RACKS - 11. REVERSE OSMOSIS PUMPS - 12. RECOVERY SYSTEMS - 13. REVERSE OSMOSIS RACKS CONTROL - 14. REVERSE OSMOSIS RACKS EQUIPMENT - 15. RACKS CLEANING SYSTEM and FLUSHING - 16. TREATED WATER CONDITIONING - 17. TREATED WATER DEPOSIT AND PUMPING - 18. NEUTRALIZATION, EFFLUENTS TREATMENT AND BRINE DISCHARGE - 19. ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT - 20. CONTROL SYSTEMS - 21. VARIOUS EQUIPMENT - 22. COST EVALUATION OF DESALINATION PLANTS - BISAC: 1: TEC005050 Technology & Engineering : Construction - HVAC 2: TEC009070 Technology & Engineering : Mechanical 3: TEC010030 Technology & Engineering : Environmental - Water Supply

Boiler Water Treatment Principles and Practice: Charts and Notes for Field Use

Boiler Water Treatment Principles and Practice: 

Charts and Notes for Field Use

ISBN-13/EAN: 9780820601731

ISBN: 082060173X

Author: Colin Frayne

Chemical Publishing

Book - Paperback

Pub Date: July, 2013

64 pages

Table of Contents:

About the Author

Saturated steam temperatures at various boiler pressures

Boiler Energy and Power Units

Typical gross heating values of common fuels (based on approximately 80% fuel to steam efficiency)

Typical energy consumption and output ratings for a fire tube boiler

Steam tables suitable for pressure deaerators

Calculating Blowdown 

Coefficients of thermal conductivity for some heat-exchanger metals and boiler deposits

Types of water or steam commonly employed in most HW heating and steam generating plants

Commonly occurring minerals in natural MU water sources

Specific waterside / steamside problems affecting MPHW and HPHW boiler plants

Salt concentration indicators

Summary of waterside / steamside problems affecting LPHW and LP steam heating boiler plants

FW contamination from MU water

FW contamination from returned condensate

Problems associated with the final FW blend

Deposition of boiler section waterside surfaces by alkaline earth metal salts, other inorganic salts and organics 

Silica and silicate crystalline scales and deposits affecting boiler section waterside surfaces

Iron oxide and other boiler section corrosion debris deposits

Boiler section corrosion problems involving oxygen, concentration cells and low pH

Stress and high temperature related corrosion

Steam purity, quality and other operational problems

Specification for grades of high-quality water suitable for higher pressure WT boilers

Practical  considerations for a RW ion-exchange softener

Types of Internal Treatment Program 

Carbonate Cycle Requirement Calculations

Phosphate-Cycle Requirement Calculations

A Guide to Tannin Residuals in BW

Carbonate-Cycle Program. BW Carbonate Reserve Requirements by Pressure and Sulfate Concentration

Carbonate-Cycle Coagulation and Precipitation Program. Recommended BW Control Limits for Non-Highly-Rated FT Boilers Employing Hard or Partially Softened FW

Phosphate-Cycle Coagulation and Precipitation Program. Recommended BW Control Limits for Non-Highly-Rated FT Boilers Employing Hard, Partially Softened, or Fully Softened FW

Phosphate-Cycle Coagulation and Precipitation Program. Recommended BW Control Limits for Non-Highly-Rated WT Boilers Employing Hard, Partially Softened, or Fully Softened FW

Chelant demand (ppm product) per 1ppm substrate

EDTA Chelant or All-Polymer/All-Organic Program. Recommended BW Control Limits for Fired WT Boilers Employing Demineralized or Similar Quality FW

Oxygen Solubility at Atmospheric Pressure

Properties of Oxygen Scavengers

Carbon Dioxide Evolution from FW Alkalinity

Amine Requirement to Reach a Stable Condensate pH

Amine Basicity Dissociation Constants

Neutralizing Amine Summary Notes

Some DR values for CO2, NH3 and neutralizing amines at various pressures

Calculating Alkalinity Feed-Rate Requirements

ASME Consensus table 1: Suggested water chemistry limits. Industrial watertube, high duty, primary fuel fired, drum typeMakeup water percentage: Up to 100% of feedwater. Conditions: Includes superheater, turbine drives or process restriction on steam purity

ASME Consensus table 2: Suggested chemistry limits. Industrial watertube, high duty, primary fuel fired, drum type

ASME Consensus table 3: Suggested chemistry limits. Industrial firetube, high duty, primary fuel fired

ASME Consensus table 4: Suggested water chemistry limits. Industrial coil type, watertube, high duty, primary fuel fired rapid steam generators

ASME Consensus table 5: Suggested water chemistry limits. Marine propulsion, watertube, oil fired drum type

ASME Consensus table 6: Suggested water chemistry limits. Electrode, high voltage, forced circulation jet type

Reduction in heat transfer efficiency with increase in deposit thickness, where A = iron oxides and silica, B = iron oxides, C = calcium carbonate

Notes

Desalination: A Global Solution to Water Scarcity [InfoGraphic] from watertechonline

Sediment Influence on Membrane Treatment Systems (From waterwelljournal.org)